Araby Essay

Incongruity in the short story, â€Å"Araby,† is the examination between the fantasy kind of adoration the little fellow feels for Mangan’s sister, and the truth of his own exclusive requirements. All through the short story, I encountered a flashback to a specific outside statement I had perused beforehand, â€Å"Love isn't what it appears, and similarly as reality has a method of running our fantasies so too does the revelation of eyes blinded by adoration. † This is to ponder how the little youngster was blinded by adoration and that he didn't know till the finish of the short story that his desires for the show Araby was blinded by his affection for Mangan’s sister. While perusing the short story and over, I happened to discover symbolization towards how the dull and light are utilized to show how the storyteller considers the to be as a dim and desolate spot the main light utilized in the story is utilized to portray magans sister, and at long last he figures out how stupid that adoration was. This along these lines, is making the light an image of his honesty and the dull the pitiless truth of the world. Another angle from the story, is the manner by which any individual could have handily induced that, from the depiction of the boy’s lodging circumstance and the little entirety his uncle gave him, their money related circumstance was tight

Brazil Macroeconomics Essay

The nation of decision is Brazil for the accompanying reasons: it is a blasting economy, which furnishes some conspicuous difference with the stagnation and ever-referenced expression ‘double-plunge recession’ which currently generally utilized in the West. Macroeconomics is worried about the investigation of total economy, which typifies all broadly pertinent financial pointers. The normal pointers are the joblessness rate, the pace of swelling, the GDP per capita, monetary development, the financial cycle, and the work power. Since 2003, Brazil’s economy has been developing consistently. It has been improving its macroeconomic steadiness in spite of a little emergency in 2008 which saw its development rate decrease to 2.6%. In 2010 it developed by 7.6% in the midst of restored certainty from outside financial specialists. Some portion of the explanation behind this is the high loan fees which make it appealing to remote financial specialists. Note additionally t his was its most elevated development in 25 years, while individuals particularly given that numerous economies were battling simultaneously. Moreover, the proceeding with streams of venture into the assembling segment have given more prominent spine to the economy. Note that a normally refered to explanation behind the monetary battle of the UK for instance is its everlasting exchanging shortage. It doesn't send out enough, it doesn't make enough. With common assets, for example, tin, mud, uranium, platinum, oil, cocoa, gold, wood, and hydroelectric influence (and considerably more), Brazil is commonly perceived as one of the normally most extravagant nations on Earth as far as amount and likely the most extravagant as far as assortment of assets. The subject being treated here is anything but a relative investigation between Brazil, a developing economy and the declining economies of the West. Near examination may be utilized quickly so as to additionally affirm the incredible execution of this economy since 2003. In the field of macroeconomics, it is basic to take a gander at things from a national and global point of view and in this manner the presentation of one economy isn't just comparative with its past exhibition yet in addition comparative with different economies on the planet. In the previous decade Brazil’s Government has joined monetary strategy has been utilized now and again to fight off inordinate swelling and energize utilization. The motivation behind why this has worked out is that over the long haul, the nation has reliably been making occupations both in the assembling and the administrations divisions, which as one with monetary approach have helped keep a cover on swelling in the previous ten years. This purpose of progress will be broke down motel profundity given that this nation was recently known to have immense inflationary issues before the most recent decade. http://www.bbc.co.uk http://www.indexmundi.com/brazil/economy_profile.html http://www.thomaswhite.com/investigate the-world/brazil.aspx

Physics of Black Holes Essay -- physics space black holes

Dark openings - the weird logical wonder that has amazed physicists and stargazers the same for quite a long time. Famous subjects in sci-fi books, dark gaps are probably the best puzzle of the logical world. Indeed, even today, the idea of a super-thick chunk of issue that not by any means light can escape from is to some degree unrealistic, and numerous researchers can't help contradicting each other about almost every part of a dark gap. This undertaking will endeavor to reveal some insight into these secretive developments, and will educate you the peruser of the most well known and broadly acknowledged hypotheses encompassing them. Karl Schwarzschild is credited with being the splendid stargazer who built up the idea of dark openings. In 1916, utilizing Einstein's general hypothesis of relativity, he started to make estimations about the gravity fields of stars. He reasoned that if a gigantic mass, for example, a star, were to be focused down to the size of an infintessimal point, the impacts of Einstein's relativity would get actually genuinely outrageous. Schwarzschild questioned that a star could get that little, and guessed that if a star did infact recoil upon itself like that, its gravity would continue as before and the planets rotating around it would stay in similar circles they generally had. From that point forward in any case, a portion of Schwarzschild's hypotheses have been refuted, yet a large portion of his underlying speculations hold unblemished today. The Schwarzschild Radius, the most extreme span a body with a particular mass can have that won't let light break, is named in his respect, and the condition of which is still being used today: Rs=2MG/(c^2) In truth, English geologist John Michell was the first to propose the presence of dark gaps. He alluded to them dim stars and put together his computations with respect to Newt... ...ke for example the two pictures beneath. The first is a two-dimensional portrayal of the gravity of a typical star. Envision any item drifting through space as a marble. Said marble moving along the level surface of the space will fold into the space made by the sun's gravity. On the off chance that you flick the marble sufficiently hard, it can turn out of the space and roll away. The subsequent pic is a portrayal of the gravity made by a dark opening. Notice that if the marble folds into the gap, its absolutely impossible it can get out, since there is no limit to the opening. Such possibilities are interesting, and give sci-fi authors interminable material for their works. None of these hypotheses have been demonstrated, and since we can't draw near enough to a dark gap to examine one, they're all impeccably substantial. Maybe one day humanity will find the facts behind dark gaps.

Should We Build a Moon Base

Moon bases are in the news again, with announcements from the U.S. government that NASA should get ready to plan a return to the lunar surface. The U.S. isnt alone—other countries are eyeing our nearest neighbor in space with both scientific and commercial eyes. And, at least one company has suggested building an orbiting station around the Moon for commercial, scientific, and tourist purposes. So, can we return to the Moon? And if so, when will we do it and who will go? Historical Lunar Steps Many decades have passed since anyone has walked on the Moon.  In 1969, when astronauts first set foot there, people talked excitedly about future lunar bases that could be built by the end of the 1970s. Unfortunately, they never happened. There have been a lot of plans made, not just by the U.S., to return to the Moon. But, our closest neighbor in space is still inhabited solely by robotic probes and the traces of the landings. There are numerous questions about whether the U.S. has the wherewithal to take the next step and create scientific bases and colonies on our nearest neighbor in space. If not, perhaps another country, such as China, will make that historic leap that has been talked about for so long.   Historically, it really did look like we had a long-term interest in the Moon. In a May 25, 1961 address to Congress, President John F. Kennedy announced that the United States would undertake the goal of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth by the end of the decade. It was an ambitious pronouncement and it set in motion fundamental changes in science, technology, policy, and political events. In 1969, American astronauts landed on the Moon, and ever since then scientists, politicians, and aerospace interests have wanted to repeat the experience. In truth, it makes a lot of sense to go back to the Moon for both scientific and political reasons.   What Does Humanity Gain by Building a Moon Base? The Moon is a steppingstone to more ambitious planetary exploration goals. The one we hear a lot about is a human trip to Mars. That is a massive goal to be met perhaps by the middle of the 21st century, if not sooner.  A full colony or Mars base will take decades to plan and build. The best way to learn how to do that safely is to practice on the Moon. It gives explorers a chance to learn to live in hostile environments, lower gravity, and to test the technologies needed for their survival. Going to the Moon is a short-term goal when one stops to consider the longer-term exploration of space. Its less expensive by comparison to the multi-year time frame and billions of dollars it would take to go to Mars. Since humans have done it several times before, lunar travel and living on the Moon could be achieved in the very near future using tried and true technologies in combination with newer materials to build lightweight but strong habitats and landers. This could happen within a decade or so. Recent studies show that if NASA partners with private industry, the costs of going to the Moon could be reduced to a point where settlements are more feasible. In addition, mining lunar resources would provide at least some of the materials to build such bases.   Why go to the Moon?  It provides a stepping stone for future trips elsewhere, but the Moon also contains scientifically interesting places to study. Lunar geology is still very much a work in progress. There have long been proposals calling for telescope facilities to be constructed on the Moon. Such radio and optical facilities would dramatically improve our sensitivities and resolutions when coupled with current ground and space-based observatories. Finally, learning to live and work in a low-gravity environment is important.   What Are the Obstacles? Effectively, a Moon base would serve as a dry run for Mars. But, the biggest issues that future lunar plans face are costs and political will to move forward. Sure its cheaper than going to Mars, an expedition that would probably cost more than a trillion dollars. The costs to return to the Moon are estimated to be at least 1 or 2 billion dollars.   For comparison, the International Space Station cost more than $150 billion (in U.S. dollars).  Now, that may not sound all that expensive but consider this. NASAs entire yearly budget is usually less than $20 billion. The agency would likely have to spend more than that every year just on the Moon base project, and  would have to either cut all other projects (which isnt going to happen) or Congress would have to increase the budget by that amount. The odds of Congress funding NASA for such missions as well as all the science it could be doing are not good.  Ã‚   Could Someone Else Take the Lead on Moon Colonies? Given the current NASA budget, the near-future possibility of a moon base is low.  However, NASA and the U.S. arent the only games in town. Recent private space developments may change the picture as SpaceX and Blue Origin, as well as companies and agencies in other  countries,  begin to invest in space infrastructure. If other countries head to the Moon, the political will inside the U.S. and other countries could shift quickly—with money quickly being found to jump into a new space race.   The Chinese space agency, for one, has demonstrated a clear interest in the Moon. And they arent the only ones—India, Europe, and Russia are all looking at a lunar mission. So, the future lunar base isnt even guaranteed to be a U.S.-only enclave of science and exploration. And, thats not a bad thing in the long run. International cooperation pools the resources we need to do more than explore LEO.  Its one of the touchstones of future missions and may help humanity finally take the leap off the home planet.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

How to Use Must, Have to, and Need to in English

The Origin Of Life And Matter - 1702 Words

Where did we come from? Even children become struck with the question about the origin of life. As tough as it may be to tell a young child how babies are made, it does not compare to the complexity of explaining how the entire universe began. Every human has a natural desire to discover the truth, but it stands as one of the most controversial subjects. Some philosophical minds, Evolutionists or Darwinists, believe everything started with a â€Å"Big Bang† and then began to evolve into the world and life forms we know today. Others, Creationists, believe life and matter has been intelligently designed by a higher power. As I study this topic, I stumble upon more archeological, scientific, and logical evidence supporting the creation of the universe rather than an accidental appearance. Evolutionists claim that all living beings evolved from a common ancestor, and they believe fossil records prove this statement s validity. However, archeological findings have in no way proven evolution to be true, in fact, they reveal many flaws within this theory. Darwinists attempted to convince people that birds evolved from dinosaurs many years ago. The Archaeopteryx seemed to be the missing link between dinosaurs and birds as we would recognize them today since its features resembled dinosaurs yet it flew like a bird. â€Å"However, as Dr. Duane Gish explains, careful examination has demonstrated that in every case these characteristics are genuinely birdlike rather than reptilian† (HanegraaffShow MoreRelatedOriginal Creation of Earth1117 Words   |  5 Pagesdistributing the smallest particles of matter that miraculously adjoined themselves to create living, breathing organisms and every other object on the earth. Every word of the Bible is true. Every day, creation scientists are finding more and more evidence to support the six days of creation. 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Many st udents who lack firm beliefs about the origin of life believe whatRead MoreThe Debate Of Pre Socrates Philosophy On The Nature Of Existence, Being And The World1322 Words   |  6 PagesPre-Socrates refers to these philosophers because they lived prior to and during the life of Socrates. Pre-Socrates thinkers were primarily interested in metaphysic and cosmogony. â€Å"Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of existence, being and the world† (Miller, P.8) Metaphysical questions being those concerned with ultimate constitution of nature, while cosmological questions are focused on origins and structure of the universe. Before we get into introducing Pre-Socrates andRead More The Beginning of Human Life Form Essay958 Words   |  4 PagesThe Beginning of Human Life Form As science and technology advance, an understanding of the origin of life becomes a feasible possibility. Artificial life research seeks to mimic life and to gain knowledge of the origin of life through reenacting it. This research strives to create the simplest possible â€Å"organism† that fulfills all of the requirements of life. These researchers define life as that which can evolve, self-reproduce, metabolize, adapt to environmental changes, and, ultimatelyRead MoreComparative Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pagescreation of the Earth PHSC 210, D03-LUO I. Introduction The old-Earth evolution and young-Earth creation debate has been one that has gone on for centuries. Each viewpoint seeks to give an answer to life’s most difficult questions or origins and how the Earth came to be what it resembles today. While the Young Earth viewpoint has remained constant and unchanged throughout the centuries the Old Earth view seems to be continually evolving as new discoveries tend to discredit previous assumptionsRead MoreEssay on Sciene and Christianity512 Words   |  3 Pageseverything is created by the direct creative act of God. Science offers us different ways at looking at the origins of life. Its two most famous theories are the Big Bang and the theory of evolution. The Big Bang theory is that there was a gigantic explosion caused by the matter of the universe which was densely squashed and caused the universe and life. This theory could offer a better explanation than Christianity because it has certain aspects to prove it - eRead MoreThe Life Of Charles Robert Darwin s Theory Of Biological Evolution1612 Words   |  7 Pagescoal-burning factories and the trees became darkened. As a result, the number of black moths increased dramatically to reach about 98% of the moth population. II. Beginning and evolution of the universe A. Scientific view As the universe enlarged, matter started to form into gas clouds, and form there its shaped stars and planets. However, to understand how the universe formed into its present shape, we must understand how galaxies, planets and stars are formed. Then suddenly, the universe began toRead MoreEssay on Louis Pasteur: The Spontaneous Man1599 Words   |  7 PagesLouis Pasteur: The Spontaneous Man Spontaneous Generation thought to be the Origin of Life until the 1850s. Through a Science Fair that was sponsored by the French Academy of Science, it was Louis Pasteur who was responsible for disapproving this myth. Introduction This paper is about an extraordinary gentleman who made many discoveries in his lifetime; however, this will not be about one of his discovery’s rather the experiment that debunks spontaneous generation. One may want to ask

Fahrenheit (1388 words) Essay Example For Students

Fahrenheit (1388 words) Essay Fahrenheit451 And Brave New WorldFahrenheit 451 Brave New World (Analysis of Man and Society) Formore than half a century science fiction writers have thrilled and challengedreaders with visions of the future and future worlds. These authors offered aninsight into what they expected man, society, and life to be like at some futuretime. One such author, Ray Bradbury, utilized this concept in his work,Fahrenheit 451, a futuristic look at a man and his role in society. Bradburyutilizes the luxuries of life in America today, in addition to variousoccupations and technological advances, to show what life could be like if thefuture takes a drastic turn for the worse. He turns mans best friend, the dog,against man, changes the role of public servants and changes the value of aperson. Aldous Huxley also uses the concept of society out of control in hisscience fiction novel Brave New World. Written late in his career, Brave NewWorld also deals with man in a changed society. Huxley asks his r eaders to lookat the role of science and literature in the future world, scared that it may berendered useless and discarded. Unlike Bradbury, Huxley includes in his book agroup of people unaffected by the changes in society, a group that still hasreligious beliefs and marriage, things no longer part of the changed society, tocompare and contrast todays culture with his proposed futuristic culture. Butone theme that both Brave New World and Fahrenheit 451 use in common is thetheme of individual discovery by refusing to accept a passive approach to life,and refusing to conform. In addition, the refusal of various methods of escapefrom reality is shown to be a path to discovery. In Brave New World, the maincharacters of Bernard Marx and the Savage boy John both come torealize the faults with their own cultures. In Fahrenheit 451 Guy Montag beginsto discover that things could be better in his society but, sue to someuncontrollable events, his discover happens much faster than it would have. Heis forced out on his own, away from society, to live with others like himselfwho think differently that the society does. Marx, from the civilized culture,seriously questions the lack of history that his society has. He also wonders asto the lack of books, banned because they were old and did not encourage the newculture. By visiting a reservation, home of an uncivilized cultureof savages, he is able to see first hand something of what life and society useto be like. Afterwards he returns and attempts to incorporate some of what hesaw into his work as an advertising agent. As a result with this contrast withthe other culture, Marx discovers more about himself as well. He is able to seemore clearly the things that had always set him on edge: the promiscuity, thedomination of the government and the lifelessness in which he lived. (Allen)John, often referred to as the Savage because he was able to leavethe reservation with Marx to go to London to live with him, also has a hard timeadjusting to the drastic changes. The son of two members of the modern societybut born and raised on the reservation, John learned from his mother the valuesand the customs of the civilized world while living in a culturethat had much different values and practices. Though his mother talked of thepromiscuity that she had practiced before she was left on the reservation (shewas accidentally left there while on vacation, much as Marx was) and did stillpractice it, John was raised, thanks to the people around him, with the beliefthat these actions were wrong. Seeing his mother act in a manner that obviouslyreflected different values greatly affected and hurt John, especially when hereturned with Marx to London. John loved his mother, but he, a hybrid of the twocultures, was stuck in the middle. (May) These concepts, human reaction tochanges in their culture and questioning of these changes, are evidentthroughout the book. Huxleys characters either conform to societys demands foruni formity or rebel and begin a process of discovery; there are no people in themiddle. By doing so, Huxley makes his own views of man and society evident. Heshows that those who conform to the brave new world become lesshuman, but those who actively question the new values of society discover truthabout the society, about themselves, and about people in general. An example ofthis is Huxleys views of drugs as an escape. The conforming members of societyused widely a drug called soma, which induces hallucinations and escapes fromthe conscious world for two to eight hour periods. Those very few who didnt,John included, mainly did not because they thought the drug either unclean or aneasy escape, one not needed in a society aiming at making life very simple. Byrefusing to go along in this escape from reality, John is ultimatelyable to break from society and define his own destiny. In Fahrenheit 451 GuyMontag, the main character, is able to see through the government and theofficial polici es of his society. He does so by gradually beginning to questioncertain aspect of society which most simply accept as fact. Montags job as afireman serves as a setting to show how many people passively accept theabsurdity of their society. Instead of rushing to put out fires, as firementoday do, Montag rushes to start fires, burning the books and homes of peoplereported to have books. This was considered by most people to be a respectableprofession. But on different occasions Montag took a book out of burning homesand would from time to time read them. From this, he begins to to question thevalues of his society. Montags marriage also serves a setting to contrastpassive acceptance versus questioning of societys values. His marriage is notthe happy kind that couples today experience but more like a coexistence. He andhis wife live together and he supports her, though he apparently neither lovesher a great deal or expects her to love him. This relationship and livingarrangement, with its lack of love, is Bradburys way of showing what life couldbe like if people not only stop communicating but stop thinking and choosing,thus loosing control over their lives. Montag and his wife continue to livetogether though people in that situation today would not hesitate to terminatesuch a relationship. Montags wife apparently accepts this relationship becauseit is normal for the society in which she lives. (Wolfheim) Like Brave NewWorld_characters escaping from reality through the use of soma, Montags wife,and many other characters, escape through watching a sophisticated form oftelevision. This television system covers three of the walls of the Montags TVroom (they cant afford to buy the screen to cover the fourth wall), has acontrol unit that allows the watchers to interact with the characters on theprogram and another unit that inserts Mrs. Montags name into specific places,thus creating the image they the characters are actually conversing with them. .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 , .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .postImageUrl , .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 , .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:hover , .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:visited , .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:active { border:0!important; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:active , .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7 .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7811d79b340e258d1802ac45ae5f7a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Computer Science As A Career Essay Montags wife, having only a few friends and ones she rarely sees, spends muchof her day in this room, watching a program called The Family, agovernment sponsored program that shows the viewers what life at home should belike. The problem with this is that Montags wife takes the program as asubstitute for reality. She is almost addicted to the program, much as peoplewere with soma in Brave New World. Bradbury uses this television and itsprograms as a way of showing the escape he is worried people will look for inthe future. Without actively questioning societys values, he is concerned thatpeople will look for ways to idly spend their time. But like Marx, Montagchooses not to take part in this addiction. By abstaining, he can see theaffects its use has on the people around him, much as Marx and more importantlyJohn the Savage saw in their culture. Both authors try to show that with lifemade easier by strong government control and a lack of personal involvementpeople will no longer spen d their time thinking, questioning or developing theirown ideas. Through these various diversions from normal behavior in society,Marx, John the Savage and Guy Montag are able to see the truths behind thesocieties they live in and are able to learn about themselves. And though theirdiscoveries meant that their lives would be changed forever, the authorssucceeded in showing that the key to humanity lies in thinking and questioning. These men found themselves through their own discoveries, much as Bradbury andHuxley hope others will do.

Antonio is Alienated essays

Antonio is Alienated essays I believe that in the novel Bless Me, Ultima Antonio is an alienated individual. He doesnt seem to act like any of the other kids his age and has been through so much more then they have. For example, Antonio is torn between making his mother happy and becoming a priest, or making his father happy and becoming a cowboy type figure. He also has experienced a lot of death in his life to people he cared deeply about. I believe that Antonio is alienated because he has the mind of an adult, he is the only one who can talk to Ultima, and he can see the future. Oddly, Antonio is the only one who understands Ultima. For example, in the beginning of the book Antonio shook Ultimas hand and he could sense the power of a whirlwind pass through him. Also, Ultima declares that only she will know what the future holds for Antonio. In the novel I noticed that Ultima rarely talks to anyone except for Antonio, he probably possesses something that no one else has. Sometimes Antonio and Ultima would work out in the garden and talk about what is going on in Antonios life. This makes me think that Antonio has some sort of special powers like Ultima if they understand each other so well. Throughout the book, Antonio has many dreams and some of his dreams tell about things that happen in the future. His dreams often foreshadow into whats going to happen in the next chapter. For instance, Antonio dreams of his brothers returning home from the war and the next day his brothers came home. Antonio also dreams that the owl flies the Virgin of Guadeloupe and all the babes of Limbo go to heaven. This power that he possesses is not human like and is considered abnormal. For some reason Antonio could see the golden carp even though he was mature mentally. Only kids are supposes to be able to see the golden carp. Childrens minds still believe in things such as the golden carp, so Antonio has ...

Harry Potter and Culture Industry Essay Research Paper Example

Harry Potter and Culture Industry Essay Research Paper Example Harry Potter and Culture Industry Essay Paper Harry Potter and Culture Industry Essay Paper Harry Potter – this name is familiar with all the age groups in the universe today and the ground behind it is good known to all of us. The Harry Potter book series written by a individual female parent J. K. Rowling. who wouldn’t have imagined in her wildest dreams that a narrative she thought of while going in a train. would derive so much popularity. So much so that her character and her name would go a family name across the Earth! J. K. Rowling Harry Potter books came into the market in 1998. The first portion called Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone gained a batch of popularity with the childs and easy with the grownups excessively. Due to its immense success it was converted into a gesture image as good and so the first film when on to let go of in the twelvemonth 2001. Subsequently the other parts ( books ) were out in the market and the films started let go ofing every bit good. Of class it was after the colossal success of the initial books that J. K. Rowling was encouraged to compose on the farther parts. So what is it in Harry Potter that attracts so much attending? Or what is it that makes people want to read a 600-700 pages long book once more and once more. This isn’t merely a individual book we are speaking about. but every book in the series is read all over once more by people repeatedly. These books tell us the narrative of an orphan. Harry who lives with his aunt Petunia and uncle Vernon. and non to bury his immense sized cousin Dudely with a nut sized encephalon. He leads a suffering life until the he turns 11. when he realizes that he is really a ace. : He is admitted to the Horgwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. So follows his journey of charming experiences. Very alone but waxy characters are introduced in the book in Rowling’s ain manner. The books detailing his experiences at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry have bred passion. compulsion. creativeness. and a new or renewed involvement in reading throughout the universe. JK Rowling has created an luxuriant dramatis personae of characters and an environment for them to populate that entreaties to grownups and kids likewise. The fantasy facet of the wizarding universe expands the imaginativeness. and transports the head to new and exciting topographic points ; presenting thaumaturgy opens new kingdoms of possibilities within the secret plans. Anything could go on. Her intricate narratives contain strands of the credible and incredible. changing the predictability that readers normally encounter and endure in fiction. Harry Potter Movie Poster These factors contributed to the â€Å"Harry Potter Phenomena† which really swept across the universe every bit shortly as the film series became immense hits! Young kids started placing with Harry’s shy but brave character. The terrifying Lord Voldemort and how he is after Harry’s life. after holding murdered his parents when Harry was a babe. The artlessness of school life along with the mixture of thaumaturgy. hit children’s heads like the Magic Bullet Theory. wherein. the information seen by audiences hits their heads like slugs and penetrates within. At the same clip. the subjects driving the narratives resonate with authoritative literature. offering mature readers narratives that wear like a comfy brace of places. while presenting younger readers to constructs they will meet throughout their lives. The chief subject of the series is the topic of many theories. including. but non limited to: good versus immorality. bias. love. decease. forfeit. friendly relationship and trueness. In actuality. all of these elements contribute to the dateless nature of the narratives. As and when the books started acquiring truly celebrated with a specific mark audience. the first large spring that was taken to spread out the full Harry Potter construct were the films. When the films were made they went on to snap with the younger every bit good as the older audiences. One portion after the other. the films became darker easy fring the initial happy and bright visual aspect. They now started looking more â€Å"real† and â€Å"practical† . There was a feel of â€Å"there is more to Harry Potter† than what you expect. The screens of all books started holding two versions. one which was bright and the other dark and cryptic so that the books would appeal to grownups as good. Slowly there was Harry Potter everyplace! There was Culture Industry get downing to take topographic point because of the full Harry Potter construct. By Culture Industry we mean that all of a sudden a peculiar thing which is highly popular is produced in forepart of us in many different ways. It is â€Å"claimed† by the several manufacturers that their merchandise is alone and adds more to a peculiar franchise. This construct focuses on media and selling. Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno specify the Culture Industry through its focal point on the media and mass selling. This industry is alone in that it does non reflect economic procedures and basically becomes homogeneous ; therefore. fluctuation is nonmeaningful. The Culture Industry is characterized by three specific thoughts: Monopoly. Mass Production. and Technology. So there is lesser control over production of certain merchandises and lesser control in the market. Hence when a certain merchandise is freshly launched in the market. people rush to buy it and research that peculiar merchandise. So what happens when the freshness of that merchandise wears off? Simple. another merchandise is launched in the market and promoted on its â€Å"unique† belongingss. But the existent gimmick here is that every merchandise is about similar to one another. but it is sold as being different from the old one. Hence people are urged to purchase them. This besides gives them another merchandise in topographic point of the old 1. This is termed as â€Å"Pseudo Singularity† justly intending false uniqueness. This is how the civilization industry besides called as Mass Industry works. When Culture Industry meets something like Harry Potter. what is created is a immense successful mass industry which becomes vastly moneymaking and popular. Besides when the topic is like Harry. who chiefly entreaties to people due to his emotional entreaty. his belief in friendly relationship. love and courage. These are the factors on which assorted merchandises apart from films like ware are publicized to people. There are Harry Potter subject based amusement Parkss. the costumes. competitions to prove your HP cognition. digital games and web sites like Pottermore where you really live Harry’s life. You are sorted into different houses merely like in the book and you face different escapades like Harry. There are things taken from the book which will entertain and divert people. Like the broom used to play the game Quidditch once more an fanciful construct of a game like football but you are really winging on broom handles. Harry Potter wands. cards. chapeaus. spectacless and the celebrated cicatrix which Harry have all became trade goods and we are expected to buy them. The chief aim here is to do people experience like Harry himself. Examples of assorted Harry Potter Merchandise So even if J. K. Rowling has completed her set of books. manufacturers still want to harvest the net incomes from this topic. Hence. even after she officially completed her books. due to enormous response and popular demand she wrote another book where people know what happens after Harry defeats Lord Voldemort and finishes his surveies from Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. So much is the popularity of Harry Potter. Not merely Harry. but other chief characters like Hermoine and Ron ( Harry’s best friends ) . Professor Dumbledore. Hagrid. Sirius Black etc have gained a connect with the audiences. There is a feeling generated that â€Å"my best friend to necessitate to be like Ron† or â€Å"I wish I could analyze magic† . This feeling of longingness is usurped but the manufacturers to lend more to the civilization industry! These feelings are so used by the people to bring forth more and more net incomes. therefore trips to the palace where Harry Potter was shot are arranged. Though a peculiar location is non used continuously in the films. they keep altering. but so much is the fad that people travel all the manner to Scotland merely to see where their Hero spent this school yearss. All in all a different civilization itself is created and we don’t recognize it. Such is the nature civilization industry and it prevails n today’s universe to a much greater extent. The chief feeling of Love ever triumphs over the evil makes Harry Potter what it is. I would wish to stop my seting in a celebrated commendation in the book- It is our picks that show what we genuinely are. far more than our abilities. J. K. Rowling. Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. 1999. spoken by the character Albus Dumbledore This is one of the most celebrated quotation marks from the series and justly. it is our picks that make us who we are. Peoples chose to love Harry Potter even though the full construct being fanciful because it has appealed to their Black Marias. It is this emotional factor which makes us give in to the ‘market and producers’ but in the terminal. they are our picks. aren’t they?

Impact of legislations in regulating the working Time Essay

Impact of legislations in regulating the working Time - Essay Example In 1817, Robert owen's* Eight hour day movement**, which had its origin in the industrial revolution in Britain, gradually came up and finally led to the first law on the length of a working day, passed in 1833, in England limiting miners to 12 hours and children to 8 hours. The 10 hour day established in1848 and shorter hours with same pay were gradually accepted thereafter. The 1802 Factories Act was the first labor law in the UK. Working time regulations were introduced in order to implement the European commission Time Directive which lays down minimum condition relating to weekly working time, rest entitlements and annual leave and make special provision for working hours and health assessments in relation to night workers and young workers. Working time regulation were laid before the House on 30th July 1998 and came to force on 1st October 1998.There are three legislations regarding the working time regulations enacted including the parent Act. They are, In 1998 Act workers in air, rail, sea, inland water way and lake transport, sea fishing, and other workers at sea are excluded. Armed forces, Police and other civil protection services also excluded from the purview of this Act. The Regulation 3 of working time regulations Act 1999 amended the existing provision which governs the 48 hour average maximum weekly working limit and the exclusion of that limit by agreement. It removes the obligation on employers to keep record of the hours worked by the employees who are entered into an agreement to opt out of the weekly limit. The regulation 4 of the 1999 Act extended the existing "unmeasured working time "extension (as defined in the 1998 Act) to workers whose time is partly "unearned and partly not.* Now let me to explore in detail the provisions of the working time regulations in the light of 2003 amendment Act .This prevails all over in the United Kingdom industries at present. I'll also discuss the changes in the legislations regarding the above said Acts after the amendment in 2003 and the relevant case laws which plays an important role in making up the body of Working time regulations .Moreover I shall try to explain the impact of the provision of this Act in regulating the time for employees and remedies seek for the doubts raised in the various clauses. Working time regula

IBMs Use of Information Management Concepts Essay - 2

IBMs Use of Information Management Concepts - Essay Example The executive leadership comprises a board of directors. The key person is Virginia Rometty, the chairman, president and the CEO. Other key people in leadership include senior vice presidents in various departments including sales and distribution, marketing a and communication, human resources, General counsel and regulatory affairs, transformation and operations, Global technology services as well as research and solutions portfolio (McKnight, 2013). The practical use of key information management concepts that include: information systems guidelines, assessment, vision, the planning team and the strategic information systems planning process, strategic plan and initiative is essential in achieving the organization's goals and objectives (McKnight, 2013). According to reports on IBM performance, effective use of information systems requires the understanding of the management, organization and technology that shapes the systems Alignment of information systems is effective in the development and maintenance of information systems which supports business operations. This is essential for the improved performance of a business. The IBM performance is an evidence of its strategic position and capabilities, disciplined management systems and dedication of the IBM expertise. Embedded in every aspect of an organization, information management concepts play a critical role in initiatives of governance. Data in an organization is the greatest risk and value source. Poor management of data leads to poor decisions and business results. The ability to leverage trusted, clean data can aid organizations in the provision of better service which is driven by customer loyalty and spending of less effort in complying with regulatory policies. The effective leveraging of information, therefore, increases innovation through optimizing processes and people via creative utilization of information. Considering the ability for enhancing the availability, integrity and quality of data, effective governance aids mitigate risk and increasing the value of risks (McKnight, 2013).  Ã‚  

Nike vs Adidas Essay Example for Free

Nike vs Adidas Essay Nikes business strategy In order to get a grasp of Nike and how its changing the world today with its innovative products, we must first take a glance at the history of the company and how it all began. Bill Bowerman was a nationally respected track and field coach at the University of Oregon and the founding father of Nike. Bill was always seeking to find ways in order to give his athletes a competitive advantage experiencing with track surfaces, energy drinks but most importantly- innovative running shoes. Nikes business strategy is committed to providing athletes around the world with innovative products and committed to serving athletes, rewarding shareholders and being an industry leader in the shoe market in particular. A golden handshake between Bil Bowerman and Phil knight began the era of Nike over 5 decades and what it is today. Nike has adopted a differentiation focus by implementing what Nike call a consumer focused category strategy. Nikes business strategy is committed to providing the most innovative products around the world to athletes and consumers across the globe. Nike carries an arsenal of products that allow the company to continue growth through increased market place capacity and penetration with decisions that involve outsourcing manufacturing to low-cost areas in the world, investing in research and development of innovative products and aggressive marketing strategies that are beyond conventional. Their consumer focused strategy enhances gives them great leveraging ability to deliver great product and elevated consumer experiences which will help grow the NIKE Brand. http://www.nikebiz.com/crreport/content/pdf/documents/en-US/full-report.pdf http://www.nikeresponsibility.com/ http://www.nike.com/nikeihm/about/business.shtml http://nikeinc.com/news/nike-inc-introduces-2015-global-growth-strategy http://www.slideshare.net/joshuasteinberger/adidas-nike-case-study http://nikeinc.com/pages/history-heritage http://prezi.com/kg1omedww1k7/global-strategy-presentation-nike/

Macbeth: Contrasts Of Nature :: essays research papers

Macbeth: Contrasts of Nature Georganne Hampton In the play, Macbeth, Shakespeare uses contrasts of nature in various ways. He consistently shows us that Macbeth and his wife's actions go against nature. The first lines of the play are a condensed version of the unnaturalness of things to come. "In thunder, lightning or in rain?" ( I, i, 2). In nature, thunder, lightening and rain occur together, but Shakespeare's use of the word "or" infers the unnatural occurrence of one without the others. "When battles lost and won" ( I, i, 4), is also not a natural occurrence. Battles are either lost or won. Shakespeare is implying the future opposites of nature in the forthcoming play. "Fair is foul, and foul is fair" (I, i, 11), further shows the use of inversions and paradoxs in nature that Shakespeare will use throughout the play. One of the main controversies of nature for the reader is that in spite of Macbeth's evil deeds, we still find him likeable. We see him in the same way that the King does when he welcomes him by saying, "O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman" (I, ii, 24). We perceive him as valiant, because he is afraid of sacrificing his humanity. "My thought, whose murder yet is but fantasticle. / Shakes so my single state of man that function / Is smothered in surmise and nothing is / But what is not" (I, iii, 139-41). Macbeth has doubts about the predictions of the witches. He knows that it could be a trick and his misgivings make him seem to be a better person. Another thing that makes Macbeth likeable to the reader is the contrast with his wife. It is clear from her beginning that she is evil. She has reservations about Macbeth not being evil enough. "Yet do I fear thy nature" (I, V, 14). She fears he is too good to do the kind of evil deeds that she is planning. After Macbeth murders the King, he realizes the extent of evil that he has committed, but also realizes that the deed is done and there is nothing that he can do to rectify it. "As they had seen me with these hangman's hands / List'ning their fear. I could not say ‘Amen!' / When they did say ‘God bless us!'" (II, ii, 27-29). The fact that Macbeth is very troubled, and continues his tirade, "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood / Clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather / the multitudinous seas incarnadine, / Making the green one red" (II, ii, 59-62), evokes compassion for him from the Macbeth: Contrasts Of Nature :: essays research papers Macbeth: Contrasts of Nature Georganne Hampton In the play, Macbeth, Shakespeare uses contrasts of nature in various ways. He consistently shows us that Macbeth and his wife's actions go against nature. The first lines of the play are a condensed version of the unnaturalness of things to come. "In thunder, lightning or in rain?" ( I, i, 2). In nature, thunder, lightening and rain occur together, but Shakespeare's use of the word "or" infers the unnatural occurrence of one without the others. "When battles lost and won" ( I, i, 4), is also not a natural occurrence. Battles are either lost or won. Shakespeare is implying the future opposites of nature in the forthcoming play. "Fair is foul, and foul is fair" (I, i, 11), further shows the use of inversions and paradoxs in nature that Shakespeare will use throughout the play. One of the main controversies of nature for the reader is that in spite of Macbeth's evil deeds, we still find him likeable. We see him in the same way that the King does when he welcomes him by saying, "O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman" (I, ii, 24). We perceive him as valiant, because he is afraid of sacrificing his humanity. "My thought, whose murder yet is but fantasticle. / Shakes so my single state of man that function / Is smothered in surmise and nothing is / But what is not" (I, iii, 139-41). Macbeth has doubts about the predictions of the witches. He knows that it could be a trick and his misgivings make him seem to be a better person. Another thing that makes Macbeth likeable to the reader is the contrast with his wife. It is clear from her beginning that she is evil. She has reservations about Macbeth not being evil enough. "Yet do I fear thy nature" (I, V, 14). She fears he is too good to do the kind of evil deeds that she is planning. After Macbeth murders the King, he realizes the extent of evil that he has committed, but also realizes that the deed is done and there is nothing that he can do to rectify it. "As they had seen me with these hangman's hands / List'ning their fear. I could not say ‘Amen!' / When they did say ‘God bless us!'" (II, ii, 27-29). The fact that Macbeth is very troubled, and continues his tirade, "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood / Clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather / the multitudinous seas incarnadine, / Making the green one red" (II, ii, 59-62), evokes compassion for him from the

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Froes explains that the â€Å"One Lesson of Business† is that, â€Å"Wealth is created when assets move from lower to higher-valued uses. † (p. 12) Froes goes on to spend most of the chapter talking about how taxation destroys wealth and that government subsidies (and all government spending is a subsist) also destroys wealth. Apply Frost's â€Å"one lesson of business† to a specific government tax-and- spend decision that you support or else use the â€Å"one lesson of business† to explain why you are an anarchist.AY) If you are not an anarchist, then explain how the government creates wealth by axing-and-spending to produce some program somewhere that you support. Why do you think that the tax dollars are worth less to taxpayers than the value of the government program you selected? This can't be a zero-sum game that happens to benefit you personally. The â€Å"One Lesson of Business† is about wealth creation. For example, I can't simply defend Me dicare because I like that it pays for my mother's healthcare. That doesn't explain whether Medicare creates wealth.I would need to justify whether Medicare's total benefits to society are greater than its cost to society. If government doesn't create value somewhere, then we would be better off without it and we should be anarchists. AY) If you are an anarchist, then explain why all taxation and government spending (subsidies) should be eliminated. In particular, you should take on the biggest spending programs of government: defense, healthcare (mostly Medicare), pensions (mostly Social Security), and education.These programs account for over 2/3 of total government spending (including state and local government), so if you are an anarchist, you should focus on where most of the money goes. . Froes says that businesses that are less bureaucratic and more free-market will be more successful. For example, on page 16, Froes says that, â€Å"Organizations impose ‘taxes,' Ã¢â‚¬Ë œsubsidies,' and ‘price controls' within their companies that lead to unprofitable decisions. Pick one of the following questions and indicate whether you have chosen to address X or Y: X) How do corporations and other organizations â€Å"tax† the individuals, divisions, and/pr departments within the organization? Give a specific example. Do not use any government mandated taxes as your example. Would the organization be better off if it completely avoided the kind of ‘taxation' in your example? Y) How do organizations impose â€Å"price controls†? Give an example where a bureaucrat (manager) imposes a price control (a pre-determined, fixed price) upon the people in the organization.Explain whether it is better to eliminate this particular price control. 7. Suppose you have capital that is currently worth $1,000 and your cost of capital (WAC) is 10%/year. How much operating profit per year would you need to earn to be generating economic value by staying in business according to EVA? 8. Think of a pacific example outside of the textbook where someone in an organization (team, school, business, government, etc. ) made a bad decision and use Frost's rational actor paradigm to diagnose the problem. A) What is the problem (very briefly)? B) What caused the bad decision?C) How could you fix the problem? Could anyone change the organizational structure, information, incentives, (or culture)? How well would your proposed change solve the problem? 9. You traveled to Memphis over the weekend but need to return to work in Columbus early Monday morning. On Sunday afternoon, your flight is postponed until Monday night due to hurricane Eke. Since this is a pleasure trip, you bought a non-refundable ticket for $250. You can still get a ticket on a Greyhound bus for $90 and still get home by 6:AMA. Under what circumstances should you buy the Greyhound ticket and â€Å"ride the dog† overnight? 0. You are the production manager for Widgets, Inc . Current production is 1,000 widgets and all have been ordered by your regular customers. The phone rings and a new customer wants to buy 1 more widget and offers you $1,000 if you increase production to 1,001 widgets. Should you accept this offer? Remember that it is often harder to make decisions if you Just try o estimate the cost than if you figure out the total profit. You do not need to know what the other customers paid. Below are your average total cost which is the total cost divided by the quantity of widgets.Quantity Average Total Cost Current Production 1 ,oho $200 Make One More? 1,001 $201 A) What is the marginal revenue of selling one more? B) What is the total cost currently (selling 1000 units) C) What would the total cost be if you sell 1001 units? D) What is the marginal cost of producing the 1st widget? E) What do you tell the new customer? 11. A) Your firm received an REP (request for proposal) on a wire harness from GM hat will require an investment with fixed costs of $1 million and a constant marginal cost per unit of $1 with expected sales of 1 million units.What is the break-even price per unit that you will need to quote in order to avoid losing money? B) GM agrees to the price you quoted, and then hands you with a POP (purchase order) for 0. 5 million units, what do you say? Why? 12. You have fixed costs of $100/year, and you can produce and sell 100 units per year but you sell a commodity, so you are at the mercy of the going market price and you cannot raise your price above whatever price the market is currently at. Your marginal cost is $5. If the market price declines, what is your break-even price below which you will shut down?Note that there are two different answers for two different possible scenarios. Give both possible answers for full credit. Don't worry about the opportunity cost of capital (WAC). Assume that that is included within the fixed cost figure. 13. Suppose there are two technologies for producing pizzas in M acaque. The solar oven requires $100 in fixed costs, but $9 in marginal costs versus the electric oven which requires $50 in fixed costs but $10 in marginal costs due to the high cost f electricity.What quantity of production will make you indifferent between the two different technologies? This is useful because in making capital expenditure decisions there is often this tradeoff and finding the break-even quantity helps strategies about which investment will be most profitable. The idea is that for small quantities one technology will have higher total costs and for large quantities the other technology will have higher total costs. Your Job is to see what quantity makes you indifferent between the two technologies because they have the same total cost.

House Republicans Move to Cut Federal Workforce

With their morale already about to bottom out, the nearly 3 million civilian employees of the federal government now face two Republican-backed bills that would eventually eliminate many of their jobs. Taking the Forced Attrition Approach First up to bat, Rep. Cynthia Lummis (R-Wyoming) introduced the Federal Workforce Reduction Through Attrition Act (H.R. 417), which Rep. Lummis says would reduce the federal workforce by 10% over the next 5 years â€Å"without forcing any current federal employees out of a job.† Instead, the bill would allow the federal agencies to hire only one employee for every three that retire or otherwise leave service, saving an estimated $35 billion over those 5 years, according to Lummis. Through attrition at that rate, the bill requires a net reduction of 10% -- or nearly 300,000 jobs -- from the federal civilian federal workforce by September 30, 2016.  The bill would not apply to Postal Service workers, who are not exactly government employees, anyway. â€Å"We’ve racked up over $18 trillion in debt simply because Washington has no idea when to stop spending,† said Rep. Lummis in a press release. â€Å"Attrition is a solution that requires the federal government to do what any business, state, or local government would do to cut costs -- limit new hires.† In addition, should even one agency fail to comply with the one-for-three attrition plan, the bill would slap that agency with an immediate total hiring freeze. â€Å"Instead of blindly filling empty desks, this bill forces agencies to take a step back, consider which positions are crucial, and make decisions based on necessity rather than luxury,† said Lummis, adding, â€Å"Real, productive job creation takes place on Main Street America, not in the bloated federal government.† Finally, concerned that the agencies would try to â€Å"backfill† their departing employees by simply hiring even more costly third-party contractors, Lummis’ bill requires the agencies to match their reductions in employees with cuts in their numbers of service contracts awarded. The last action on the  Federal Workforce Reduction Through Attrition Act  took place on Jan. 20, 2015, when it was sent to the  House Committee on Oversight and Government.   Defense Employees In the Crosshairs Meanwhile over at the Department of Defense (DOD), where morale is even lower, the almost 770,000 civilian employees will be watching the Rebalance for an Effective Defense Uniform and Civilian Employees (REDUCE) Act (H.R. 340), introduced by Rep. Ken Calvert (R-California). Rep. Calvert’s REDUCE Act would force the DOD to cuts its civilian workforce by a substantial 15% -- about 116,000 employees – by the year 2020 and keep it at or below that level until 2026. According to Rep. Calvert, the workforce cuts would essentially reverse the 15% growth of the civilian DOD workforce that has occurred since the 9/11 terror attacks. In his statement on the REDUCE Act, Rep. Calvert cites former Secretary of the Navy John Lehman as estimating that a 15% reduction in the DOD’s civilian workforce would save $82.5 billion over the first five years. â€Å"The continued growth in our civilian staff at the DOD comes at a time when we are reducing the number of active-duty military personnel -- something is clearly wrong with that equation,† Calvert said in a press release. â€Å"Simply put, if we fail to correct this trend our uniformed soldiers, not to mention American taxpayers, will suffer the consequences.† Perhaps even more menacing to DOD employees is that, unlike Rep. Lummis’ bill, which specifies attrition as the method, the REDUCE Act does not specify how the DOD is to cut its workforce.    Instead, the REDUCE Act requires only that the DOD find a way to â€Å"responsibly adjust† its number of civilian workers, leaving anything from attrition to â€Å"round them up and lay them off,† on the table. The bill would give the Secretary of Defense greater authority to consider job performance in personnel decisions and to use voluntary separation incentive payments and voluntary early retirement payments in order to achieve the required workforce cuts. â€Å"Our current and retired military leaders have widely acknowledged the need to establish a more efficient defense workforce in order to preserve our national security posture in the future,† said Rep. Calvert. â€Å"However, actions speak louder than words and I continue to believe Congress will ultimately have to force DOD’s hand to implement these necessary changes.† No further action on the REDUCE Act has taken place since Aug. 13, 2015, when it was referred to the House  Subcommittee on Readiness.   Federal Employee Unions Object Labor unions are designed to protect jobs, so as you might expect, federal-employee unions strongly oppose both of these bills. In a press release, American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE) President J. David Cox said the size of the federal workforce as a percentage of the total U.S. workforce had already shrunk to a level unseen since the Eisenhower administration (1953 – 1961). Fearing the federal workforce will suffer a â€Å"death by a thousand cuts,† Cox said, â€Å"Federal employees protect Americans’ freedom to lead a decent private life without having to worry about basic necessities such as safe food and infrastructure.† â€Å"When anti-government lawmakers talk about cutting the already underfunded and understaffed federal workforce, it’s important to ask who they want to cut,† said Cox. â€Å"Do they want to get rid of employees who care for our veterans, inspect foods, keep air and water clean, forecast tornadoes, rescue victims of natural disasters, design safe roads and bridges, find a cure to deadly diseases, conduct research on energy efficiency, keep air travel safe, protect communities from criminals, analyze security and financial risks, advance science to drive further economic growth, protect people against discrimination in employment, ensure workplace safety and security, manage defense contracts worth billions of dollars, etc?†